Analytical Electron Microscopy — Study of All Solid-State Batteries

This chapter focuses on the recent development and optimization of analytical electron microscopy to understand the dynamic changes in the bulk and interfaces of electrodes and electrolytes within all solidstate batteries. Three major aspects are covered: (1) design and fabrication of all solid-state batteries that remain functional after careful focused ion beam (FIB) processing; (2) enablement of in-situ biasing in both FIB/SEM and transmission electron microscope and/or scanning transmission electron microscope (TEM/STEM); and (3) development of the fundamental understanding of the dynamic chemical and electronic processes at the solid/solid interfaces of electrode/electrolyte by high resolution imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Our goal is to apply analytical microscopy to gain new insights that can help us make significant inroads towards understanding the basic science of ion transport, charge transfer and related phase transformations in electrochemical systems at the nanometer scale.